Closed Loop Geothermal Heat Pumps
Close loop Geothermal Heat Pumps recirculate the same coolant over and over through the Heat Pump and through a series of pipes buried in the ground or submerged in a body of water. Heat is transferred to or from the heat pump to the circulated coolant which then transfers heat to or from the ground.
Types of Closed Loop Systems
There are three main types of closed loop systems: horizontal loops, vertical loops, and submerged loops.
Horizontal Loops can be used when significant land area with little rock is available. These loops can be laid out in straight lengths of pipe, but are more commonly laid out in what are called slinky loops. The slinky loop allows a shorter trench to be dug for the same amount of cooling. Horizontal systems are more susceptible to seasonal ground temperature swings.
Vertical Loops are more common in commercial/industrial applications where land are is small. These systems utilize bore holes, much like drilling for a water well, to bury long loops of pipe.
Submerged Loops can be an economic solution if there is a large enough body of water available. The heat transfer between the pipe and water is much better than pipe to ground so less pipe is needed in these applications.
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